1. wget ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/snp/organisms/human_9606/VCF/00-All.vcf.gz 2. gunzip 00-All.vcf.gz 3. awk '/^#/ {print $0}' 00-All.vcf > head.txt 4. sed -i 's/chrMT/chrM/g' head.txt 5. awk '/^#/ {next}{print $0}' 00-All.vcf | sed 's/^/chr/' > 1.vcf 6. sed -i 's/chrMT/chrM/g' 1.vcf 7. cat head.txt 1.vcf > hg19.dbsnp.vcf 8. IGVTools/igvtools index hg19.dbsnp.vcf 9. awk '/^#/ {next}{print $1}' hg19.dbsnp.vcf | sort |uniq